CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS BASED ON TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS AS PER THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

SUBJECT : BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

Classification according to the type of construction may be done on the basis of method of load  transfer, materials used and fire resistance.

Classification according to Method of Load Transfer

A building gets its structural integrity from load-bearing walls or a rigid framework, which  transfer and distribute the weight from the roof and top floors down to the foundation. According  to the method of load transfer there are two types of structures – load-bearing structure and  framed structure.

Load-bearing structure

In these structures, the load from the roof and floors is transferred to  the foundations by thick walls. It is not economical to build multi-storeyed buildings with load-bearing walls.  

Framed structures

In such structures, the load from the roof and floors is transferred to the  foundation through columns and footings. Walls serve as partitions only. They may be removed  and alternations may be made at any other time without putting the building in danger. Framed  structures are suitable for multi-storeyed buildings. Below table shows a comparison between load-bearing and framed structures

Table : Comparison of load-bearing structures with framed structures 

Classification according to Materials Used

According to the major materials used, structures may be classified as RCC structure, steel  structure or composite structure.

Classification according to Fire Resistance

The National Building Code of India, 1983, classifies construction according to fire resistance  into four categories, namely, Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4 construction. The fire resistance  rating for different types of classes are as shown in below table

Table : Fire resistance ratings of structural elements (in hours)

FAQs COVERED IN THIS POST

WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION?

WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS AS PER METHOD OF LOAD TRANSFER?

COMPARE THE LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURE WITH FRAMED STRUCTURE

CLASSIFY THE BUILDINGS AS PER THE MATERIALS USED

WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS ACCORDING TO FIRE RESISTANCE?

WHAT ARE 4 CATEGORIES OF CONSTRUCTION ACCORDING TO THE FIRE RESISTANCE?

WHAT ARE THE FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN HOURS?

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